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HINDU PANCHANG (CALANDER)

 

In a Indian Lunar Calendar the majority of information is derived from calculations based on the Moon. In additions to astrological calculations, a significant percentage of the Panchang data used by Hindus to determine a correct time to celebrate traditional Hindu religious events. The word “Panchang” means “five limbs” in Sanskrit. It describes five ways to divide the span of a day.

It is said in the Vedas, with the use of Panchang, the person can becomes free from all his sins. Knowledge of Tithi brings Prosperity. Knowledge of Vara prolongs Life. Knowledge of Nakshatras Removes sins. Knowledge of Yoga gives Immunity from diseases.  Knowledge of Karana leads to Success in all endeavors. Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha.  

Is Life a Mystery ? In the Bhagavad-Gita (7.16) Lord Krishna describes the four categories of devotees and their reasons for worshipping God. They are: 1)  The seeker of relief from distress 2)  The seeker of knowledge. 3) The seeker of wealth 4) The man imbued with wisdom.

Life has been a great mystery to men. Its origin, growth, dependence and disappearance have always exercised his thoughts and emotions. Through observations and experiences and through the ages the ancient Hindus realized that life was an art like any other art in the world. It required cultivation and refinement. Men born and left alone was a mass of elements, crude and brutal and slightly removed from his fellow-citizens of the world.

His life stood in need of as much care protection and cultivation as a plant in a garden. As in philosophy so in rituals life was regarded as a cycle. It starts where it ends. From birth to death it is a continuous series of incidents moving round a nucleus of desire to live, to enjoy, to think and ultimately to retire.

The Hindu Samskaras originated in the past when the problems and the needs of the society were different from what they are to-day; the mind of the people were working under an ideology which was peculiar to its age. To day the society has changed; the man has changed accordingly; his beliefs, sentiments and aspirations have all undergone change. Unless the Hindu Samskaras are also transformed in the light of new developments, they cannot appeal to the new mind.

By scientific discoveries many mysteries of life have been solved and man’s control over his environment has immensely increased. At the source of life man is even to day experiencing the mystic touch of the invisible. This fact will keep alive the religious sentiments in man. Though the magic hold of religion in some fields of life will be loosened, the human heart will not part with that sanctity which is imparted by religious sanction.  The consecration of life will never cease. Similarly the fact that life is an art and it requires conscious and planned efforts for its cultivation and refinement will never die out. 

 

Panchang
Panchang is a spiritual and scientific Hindu calendar. It is an ancient art of Vedic astrology that helps to maintain the best days and time to come. Panchang has been derived from two words Panch(meaning 5) and ang(meaning aspect). The panchang measures time in lunar months whose names reveal the secret path of stars and constellations. It lists four weeks of seven days, identified with planets and gods. This therefore takes into account five aspects - Din(Vara) or the solar day, Tithi or the lunar day, Nakshatra or the constellation, Yoga and Karan.

It is far more accurate than conventional horoscopes and has loads of empowering practical uses like telling you the best days and times for travel, love, parties, moving, interviews, investments dental visits & lot. To find the auspicious time to start anything new it considers the week day of week (Vara), Tithi, Nakshatra(Star), Yogam of the day, Karana of the day, and the ending moments of all these to determine whether the day is Amurtha, Siddha and Shubha. The Panchang is always used as the spiritual expression of time for Hindus and a guide to a life close to God and religion.


List of Festivals
Year 2003
8 December 2003 Purnima
23December 2003 Amavasya Fast
Year 2004
7 January 2004 Purinma
12January 2004 Vivekand Jayanti
21January 2004 Amavasya
6 February 2004 Purinma
18 February 2004 Maha Shivratri
20 February 2004 Amavasya
6 March 2004 Holika Dahan
7 March 2004 Dhulendi
20 March 2004 Amavasya
21 March 2004 Navarati Start
29 March 2004 Ashtami
30 March 2004 Navami
05 April 2004 Purnima fast
13 April 2004 Baisakhi or Half Kumb
19 April 2004 Somavati Amvasaya
04 May 2004 Poornima Fast / Moon Eclipse
04 May 2004 Ujjain Maha Kumb
18 May 2004 Amavasya Fast
29 May 2004 Ganga Dusshera
30 May 2004 Narjala Ekadashi
03 June 2004 Poornima
17 June 2004 Amavasya Fast
02 July 2004 Purnima
03 July 2004 Sawan Krishan Pakish Start
17 July 2004 Amavasya
18 July 2004 Sawan Chatur Month start
31 July 2004 Poornima
16 August 2004 Somavati Amvasya
30 August 2004 Poorima Rakshabadhan
6 September 2004 Janmasthami
14 September 2004 Amavasya
29 September 2004 Patri Paksh Start
14 October 2004 Navaratri Begins
21October 2004 Ashtami
22October 2004 Dusshera
28 October 2004 Poorinma Fast
31 October 2004 Karvachoutha
12 November 2004 Diwali
13 November 2004 VishvaKarma Day
14 November 2004 Bhai Duj
26 November 2004 Purnima
11 December 2004 Amavasya
26 December 2004 Purnima
Year 2005
10 January 2005 Somvati Amvasya
13 January 2005 Lohri
14 January 2005 Makar Sankranti
25 January 2005 Purnima
8 February 2005 Moni Amvasya
13 February 2005 Vasant Panchami
24 February 2005 Purnima
08 March 2005 Maha Shivrati
10 March 2005 Amavasya
25 March 2005 Holika Dahan
26 March 2005 Holi
8 April 2005 Amavasya


Although it is essential to have the knowledge of arithmetical calculations to understand Indian Astrology, but for the benefit of the common people, astrologers have devised a calendar (Panchang) with the help of which, and simple arithmetical calculations, one can have knowledge about planets, good or bad for him.
It is not necessary for a common man to be an astrologer in order to understand the Panchanga. But for a smooth and systematic running of life, one should know how to interpret 'Phalita'.
Panchang means five organs to understand the Phalita. These five things are

Tithi (Date)
Nakshatra (Group of stars)
Yoga (an auspicious moment)
Karan (Half of the part of Tithi)
Vaar (days of the week)

In the Hindu method of calculations, although the 365 ¼ days of the revolutions of the earth round the sun are recognised, the calculations are done according to the revolution of the moon round the earth, which falls short by approximately 7 days during one year, when compared to calculations done according to the solar calendar.

The panchang, based on the lunar calendar, which also has 12 months in a year comes level with the "Ayanas" or sun calculation by adding a month ( known as Loonth or Purshottam Maas) after every three years.

The time between two consecutive risings of the sun is the day, the Solar day or Din.( according to the Gregorian calendar the day begins at 12.00 P.M.) , according to the Indian calendar the time between two consecutive risings of the moon is taken as LunarDay or Tithi.

The panchang measures time in lunar months whose names reveal the secret path of stars and constellations. The face of the new moon is called Amavasya and it ushers in the new month. The first fortnight of the full moon is known as Shuklapaksha "the bright half" as the moon waxes; while the dark half fortnight of the month is called Krishnapaksha during which the moon wanes.

 

 
     
    
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